【receive用法及固定搭配】在英语学习中，“receive”是一个非常常见的动词，表示“接收、收到、接到”等含义。它在日常交流和书面表达中都经常出现。为了帮助大家更好地掌握“receive”的用法及其常见搭配，本文将从基本用法、常见搭配以及例句等方面进行总结。
一、基本用法
“receive”是一个及物动词，常用于表示某人或某物接收到某种东西，如信息、礼物、邮件、消息等。其基本结构为：
主语 + receive + 宾语（所接收的东西）
例如：
- I received a letter from my friend.（我收到了朋友的一封信。）
- She received a gift on her birthday.（她在生日那天收到了一份礼物。）
需要注意的是，“receive”强调的是“被动地收到”，而不是“主动给予”。与之相对的词是“give”（给）。
二、常见固定搭配
| 搭配 | 含义 | 例句 |
| receive a message | 接收到一条信息 | He received a message from his boss. |
| receive an email | 收到一封电子邮件 | I received an email this morning. |
| receive a call | 接到一个电话 | She received a call from her mother. |
| receive a letter | 收到一封信 | The package was received yesterday. |
| receive a gift | 收到一份礼物 | They received a gift on Christmas Day. |
| receive a response | 接到回复 | The customer received a response quickly. |
| receive a prize | 获得奖品 | He received a prize for his work. |
| receive training | 接受培训 | Employees receive training every month. |
| receive attention | 获得关注 | The new product received a lot of attention. |
| receive a punishment | 受到惩罚 | The student received a punishment for cheating. |
三、注意事项
1. 与“get”的区别：虽然“receive”和“get”都可以表示“收到”，但“get”更口语化，而“receive”则更正式、书面化。例如：
- I got a letter.（我收到一封信。）
- I received a letter.（我收到了一封信。）
2. 不用于抽象概念：通常“receive”不用于抽象名词，如“receive love”不如“receive affection”自然，后者更符合英语习惯。
3. 注意时态变化：根据上下文使用不同的时态，如过去式“received”、现在分词“receiving”等。
四、总结
“receive”是一个非常实用的动词，适用于多种场景，尤其在正式场合中更为常见。通过掌握其基本用法和常见搭配，可以更准确地使用这个词，避免语法错误。建议在实际写作或口语中多加练习，提高对“receive”用法的熟练度。
表格总结：
| 项目 | 内容 |
| 动词类型 | 及物动词 |
| 基本结构 | 主语 + receive + 宾语 |
| 常见搭配 | receive a message, receive an email, receive a call 等 |
| 与“get”的区别 | “receive”更正式，“get”更口语化 |
| 注意事项 | 不用于抽象概念；注意时态变化 |
通过以上内容的学习和积累，相信你对“receive”的使用会更加得心应手。
