【learn用法和搭配】“Learn” 是英语中一个非常常用的动词，表示“学习、学会、了解到”。它在日常交流和写作中使用频率很高，但其用法和搭配却容易被误用或忽略。本文将对“learn”的基本用法、常见搭配以及常见错误进行总结，帮助学习者更好地掌握这一词汇。
一、learn的基本用法
1. learn + 名词 / 代词
表示“学习某物”，是最常见的结构。
- I learned French when I was in high school.
- She learned the lesson quickly.
2. learn + that 从句
表示“得知、了解到……”。
- I learned that he was leaving tomorrow.
- We learned that the meeting had been canceled.
3. learn from someone
表示“向某人学习”。
- I learned a lot from my teacher.
- Children learn from their parents.
4. learn by doing
表示“通过实践学习”。
- You can learn English by speaking it every day.
- He learned to drive by practicing on his own.
5. learn to do something
表示“学会做某事”。
- She learned to play the piano at a young age.
- They learned to cook during the lockdown.
二、常见搭配与例句
| 搭配 | 用法说明 | 例句 |
| learn from | 向……学习 | I learned a lot from my mentor. |
| learn about | 学习关于……的知识 | I want to learn more about history. |
| learn how to | 学会如何…… | She learned how to fix her car. |
| learn by heart | 熟记、背诵 | The students learned the poem by heart. |
| learn the ropes | 了解某项工作的流程 | He’s still learning the ropes at his new job. |
| learn the hard way | 吃了亏才明白 | He learned the hard way that you shouldn’t trust strangers. |
| learn something by doing | 通过实践学习 | You’ll learn math by doing problems. |
| learn something off by heart | 背诵 | I had to learn the speech off by heart. |
三、常见错误与注意事项
1. 不要混淆 learn 和 know
- 正确：I learned that she was sick.（我得知她生病了）
- 错误：I knew that she was sick.（如果只是知道，用 know 更合适）
2. learn 不能用于表示“理解”
- 正确：I finally learned the meaning of the word.（我终于明白了这个词的意思）
- 错误：I learned the meaning of the word.（应使用 understand 或 realize）
3. 注意时态和语态的使用
- Learn 通常用主动语态，被动语态较少见。
- 正确：The children were taught by the teacher.（被动语态）
- 错误：The children were learned by the teacher.（不正确）
四、总结
“Learn” 是一个多功能的动词，在不同语境中有不同的搭配和含义。掌握其基本用法和常见搭配，有助于提高语言表达的准确性。同时，要注意与其他相似动词（如 know, understand, study）的区别，避免混淆。
希望这篇文章能帮助你更深入地理解和运用 “learn” 这个单词。
